Permafrost thaw refers to the melting of the permanently frozen ground in polar and subpolar regions as a result of increasing global temperatures. This phenomenon can have significant impacts on the environment, ecosystems, and infrastructure in these regions. As permafrost thaws, it releases large amounts of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, which can further contribute to global warming. Additionally, thawing permafrost can lead to changes in land surface stability, increased erosion, and the release of previously trapped contaminants. Researchers are studying the effects of permafrost thaw and developing strategies to mitigate its impacts on the environment and society.